WEATHER BASED GRAPE ADVISORY

 

WEATHER DATA FOR THE PREVAILING WEEK

Date of Fruit Pruning: 15/09/2022

Thursday (03/11//22)–Wednesday (09/11/2022)

 

Location

Temperature

(°C)

 

Possibility of Rain

Cloud Cover

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Min-Max

R H%

 

Min

Max

Min

Max

Nashik

15-17

31-34

Nashik, Dindori, Ozar, Palkhed, Kalwan, Pimpalgaon Baswant, Vani, Loni – Thu-Wed – No Rain.

Clear

12-13

25-31

49-55

Pune

15-16

29-33

Pune, Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon, Indapur, Baramati- Thu-Wed – No Rain.

Clear

11-15

21-36

54-69

Solapur

15-17

31-33

Solapur, Latur, Barshi, Vairag, Nannaj, Ausa, Tuljapur,  Pandharpur- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

13-17

29-43

55-70

Sangli

18-19

31-33

Sangli, Arag, Tasgaon, Kagvad, Miraj, Kawthe, Palsi, Shirguppi, Khanapur Vita, Walva, Shetphal, Palus- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

14-19

31-47

69-80

Vijayapura

17-18

30-33

Vijayapura, Chadchan Tikota & Telsang – Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

12-17

36-55

64-82

Hyderabad

17-19

30-31

Hyderabad, Medchal- Sun- Drizzling.

Zahirabad-- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

08-10

36-48

54-78

Satara

16-17

29-31

Satara, Khatav, Phaltan– Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

09-13

29-45

60-79

Ahmednagar

14-15

29-32

Ahmednagar, Shrigonda, Karjat, Jamkhed, Akole, Rahata, Kopargaon, Sangamner–Thu-Wed- No rain.

Clear

12-15

22-37

51-70

Jalna

16-17

29-32

Ambad, Jalna, Gansawangi, Jafrabad Mantha -Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

09-11

20-29

51-61

Buldhana

  16-18

31-34

Buldana, Chikhli, Sindkhedraja, D.raja - Thu-Wed- No Rain.

 Clear

07-09

26-33

49-62

Kolhapur

19-22

32-34

Gagan-bavada, Kagal, Karveer- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

09-12

42-50

56-85

Bengaluru Rural

18-20

26-28

Anekal, Doddaballapur, Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru-south- Thu,  Sat - Drizzling

Clear

11-16

52-64

89-94

Belagavi

19-20

30-31

Gokak, Belagavi, Athni, Chikodi, Khanapur- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

09-15

43-63

76-94

Bidar

16-17

30-32

Bidar, Basavakalyan, Humanabad- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

09-11

36-53

65-81

Bagalkot

17-18

29-31

Hungund, Mudhol- Sun, Mon- Drizzling Rain.

Bagalkot, Jamkhandi-- Thu-Wed- No Rain

 

Clear to cloudy

11-17

33-54

75-86

 

Note: Above weather information is summary of weather forecasting given in following websites 

https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi

https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php

https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india

ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not claim accuracy of it.  

 

 

II. Water management (Dr. A.K. Upadhyay & Yukti Verma)

A)    Days after fruit pruning : 49 days

B)    Pan evaporation: 4 to 5 mm

Amount of irrigation advised:

1.      In case soil is under wapsa (field capacity) condition, donot irrigate the vineyard.

2.      During shoot growth stage (Fruit pruning season),  apply irrigation through drip @ 6800-8500 L/ acre/ day for all grape growing regions.  In case vigour is more than desired, then reduce irrigation water application by half to 3400 - 4300 L/ acre and still if growth is more, stop the irrigation till such time the growth is brought under control and then start irrigation.

3.      Practice mulching to keep the bunds moistened. This will reduce the salinity build up in the root zone due to evaporation of the moisture from the surface of the bund.

4.      From flowering to fruit setting, apply irrigation through drip upto 3000 L/ acre/ day.  Vigour needs to be controlled.

5.      During Berry development stage, apply irrigation through drip @ 6800-8500 L/ acre/ day for all grape growing regions.

 

 

Nutrient management

 

1.      Due to continuous sprays the leaf will not look healthy, need based sprays should be followed as the leaf health is bound to affect the photosynthate formation.  This will impact bunch development.

Shoot Growth stage

1.      Based upon the soil test value, during shoot growth stage apply urea @ 15kg / acre this week in two splits.  If the soil is calcareous, instead of urea apply ammonium sulphate @ 25 kg/ acre in three splits this week.  Depending upon the crop vigour, regulate nitrogen application.

2.      If sodicity problem is there, apply 10 kg Sulphate of potash per acre in 2 splits this week.

3.      Until and unless leaves are fully developed donot go for any foliar application of nutrients. It will be lead to wastage of spray.

4.      The quantity of nutrients to be applied through foliar, depends upon canopy size. 

5.      If the crop is between 5 leaf to prebloom stage, apply Zinc sulphate and Ferrous sulphate @ 15 kg/ acre based upon soil test value.  Boron application should be carried out only if soil test value indicates low levels and the irrigation water does not contain boron.  If during foundation puning, the petiole test stated that boron was deficient then apply boron @ 1.5 kg to 5 kg depending upon the soil test value.  Apply one kg boron at a time.

6.      Apply 15 kg Magnesium sulphate per acre in two splits.

7.      If soils are calcareous, spray Sulphate of potash and Magnesium sulphate @ 2-3g/L depending upon leaf age during prebloom stage. 

 

Flowering to setting stage:

1.      Donot apply any nitrogen based fertilizer just before Flowering to Setting stage to avoid problems of kooj (inflorescence necrosis). 

2.      Apply 3-4 kg Phosphoric acid in two to three splits this week.  Remember that the pH of the irrigation water should be near 6.0. OR apply SSP @ 125kg/acre as basal application.  SSP should be mixed with FYM/Compost before application to minimize phosphorus fixation.

3.      If SOP not applied, then apply 15 kg SOP in case low temperature and cloudy conditions forecasted during flowering stage.

4.      Petiole nutrient testing:   At 70% capfall stage, petiole samples should be taken for nutrient analysis. The leaf opposite the bunch should be removed for sampling.

 

Berry Development stage:

1.      After Berry setting, continue initially with Phosphoric acid application @ 2 kg followed by 5 kg 12-61-0/acre. 

2.      If the berry size is from 2-4mm, spray calcium @ 2g Calcium Chloride / Calcium Nitrate per litre.  Target sprays immediately after GA application (preferably next day) for better absorption.

3.      If the berry size is from 5-8mm, spray calcium @ 2g Calcium Chloride / Calcium Nitrate per litre.  Target sprays immediately after GA application (preferably next day) for better absorption.

4.      After 8-10 mm berry size, start application of nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate @ 25kg /acre in 4 splits in calcareous soil and as urea @ 15 kg/acre in other soils in 3 splits.  Follow this up with Sulphate of potash or 0-0-50 @ 25 kg/ acre in 3-4 splits for next two weeks.

 

 

 

III. Requirement of growth regulators (Dr. S.D. Ramteke)

 

-          NIL

 

 

IV. Canopy Management (Dr. R.G.Somkuwar)

 

Following practices are suggested during the coming week 

1.      Due to continuous rainfall, the moisture is more. Hence, the root activity will be slow. The application of fertilizer through spray can be taken.

2.      Under the condition of vigorous growth, the cane maturity may get delayed.  Hence, shoot pinching, removal of side shoots is suggested. 

3.      Under delayed cane maturity, fruit pruning should be delayed depending upon pith color.

4.       Application of potash through spray and soil can be initiated to enhance cane maturity. 

5.       Bud testing should be given priority before fruit pruning. This will avoid errors in pruning. 

6.       Before the fruit pruning, disease control through biological means will support after pruning. 

7.      Opening small trench between two rows will help to remove the water from root zone. 

8.      Rainfall during bud sprouting stage may lead to conversion of bunch into tendril. To avoid this,  vigor need to be controlled. 

9.      Application of cytokinin based PGR and potassium can help to control fillage. 

10.  Removal of infected leaves at the time of fruit pruning should be given priority. 

11.  Application of hydrogen cyanamide should be based on cane diameter and temperature in the vineyard.  Higher cane thickness will require higher dose while high temperature in the vineyard will require lower dose.

12.  Before fruit pruning, the cane should have complete bud swelling.  This will help for uniform and ealy bud sprouts 

 

 

 

V. Disease management (Dr. Sujoy Saha)

Days after fruit pruning

Risk of diseases

Downy mildew

Powdery mildew

Anthracnose

Others (specify)

49

Moderate

low

High

Bacterial spot- moderate to high’ Rust-moderate

 

Rains are predicted in most of the grape growing areas. At ponga stage application of copper fungicides may be done to give a protection against downy mildew. At 5-7 leaf stage application of Dimethomorph@1g/L+mancozeb 75WP@2g/L or Iprovalicarb+propineb @ 2.25g/L or Mandipropamid@ 0.8g/L or Dimethomorph +ametoctradin@0.8g/L or Amisulbrom @ 0.375 ml/L  should be done in absence of rain to protect against downy mildew. If leaves are wet, dusting of Mancozeb @3-5 kg/ acre may be done. Due to continuous rains in most of the areas anthracnose and bacterial spot may be incident in a moderate scale. Thiophenate methyl/carbendazim@1g/L should be given for anthracnose control. An application of Kasugamycin+Copper oxychloride may be given @ 0.75g/l for the management of both bacterial spot and anthracnose, but specifically it should be more effective against bacterial spot. Streptocycline should NOT be applied for the control of bacterial diseases.  Powdery mildew may be disseminated by the rain splashes and initial symptoms may be observed as soon as the rain stops. Application of triazoles like hexaconazole or difenoconazole will control powdery mildew and additional protection against anthracnose will be obtained as well. Foliar application of Trichoderma @ 2-3g/ml should be given during this time to get a control against anthracnose and downy mildew. No mixing of fungicides and biocontrol agents should be done. For any foliar spray, silicon-based adjuvant should be used.

VI.    Insect and Mite management. (Dr. D.S. Yadav)

 

Fruit pruning growth stage: Active shoot growth stage

· Flea beetle infestation may be high during this period. For flea beetle management, remove weeds from inside and around the vineyards. Harrowing may be done in inter row space. Then give soil drenching with clothianidin 50 WDG @ 200 gram per acre in the root zone to kill flea beetle grubs in the soil. Thereafter, foliar application of lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 200 ml per acre or imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 160 ml per acre or fipronil 80 WG @ 25 g per acre or spinosad 45 SC @ 100 ml per acre may be given. The foliar spray may preferably to give at night.

· Incidences of new species of stem borer (red colour larva) may be noticed under bark in Sangali, Solapur, Nashik, Pune, Bijapur grape areas. Remove the loose bark and give good plant wash mainly targeting cordons and main trunk with entomogenous fungi, Metarhizium spp. @ 3-5 ml/L water (water volume 1.5 litres per plant).